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Red Hook Grain Terminal
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The New York Port Authority Grain Terminal (Red Hook Grain Terminal) is an abandoned grain terminal in the Red Hook neighborhood of Brooklyn. The terminal is 12 stories high and 430 feet long, containing 54 cement silos, each 120 feet tall. It was built in 1944, after the terminal's operation failed to earn a profit, the building transferred hands to the New York Port Authority. By 1965, the Port Authority decommissioned the terminal, after continued difficulty generating a profit. In 1997, John Quadrozzi Jr., a long time Gowanus enthusiast, bought the building, with intent to convert the building; a recycling plant, a concrete storage facility and a movie studio have all been discussed, although no plans have made significant headway and the building remains abandoned.
== Early history ==
The terminal was built in 1922 to serve the New York State Canal System. At the turn of the century, a new idea came into play to build a new system of canals as a replacement of the old, narrow Erie Canal. The plan gained wide support, and 524 miles of canals connected several bodies of water in the area, including Lake Erie, Lake Champlain and the Hudson River. However, the investment in new canals was largely a failure, as the usage of canals decline over the next quarter-century. By 1918, the canal system was being utilized at only 10 percent of its capacity. It carried only one million bushels of grain in 1918, in comparison to 30 million bushels of grain in 1880.
One reason for this dramatic drop was that the two grain elevators in New York City were owned by railroads, which denied storage privileges to barge operators. The barges then had to wait, fully loaded, until the vessel destined to receive their grain arrived, instead of having a grain terminal store the grain in this time. In 1920, Scientific American magazine supported the idea of a huge grain elevator in New York City largely to preserve the state's investment in the barge canal ''on which $150 million has been spent'' and others agreed. A site was chosen at the foot of Columbia Street, adjacent to the Erie Basin, at the mouth of the Gowanus Canal. The Office of the State Engineer designed a 54-bin reinforced concrete grain elevator that took only 16 months to build. The structure itself was designed to be as sturdy as a bomb shelter, the elevators built to hold the combustible grain were made explosion-proof. The pouring of concrete for the 90-foot-high silos was done in only 13 days. Freighters moored at an adjacent pier, where a 1,221-foot-long conveyor delivered the grain directly on board. The terminal cost $2.5 million.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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